钛合金搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头研究现状

Research Status on Tools of Friction Stir Welding in Titanium Alloy

搅拌摩擦焊在焊接钛合金这类高熔点金属方面具有很大优势,但是搅拌头的磨损一直是其一大难点。对钛合金搅拌摩擦焊中的搅拌头结构、材料选择进行了讨论,认为圆锥形搅拌针综合性能较好,而在材料选择方面,认为目前应用前景较好的是钨铼合金,但不同材料的组合可能更符合未来发展的方向。为了研究搅拌头的磨损机理及如何减小磨损,列举了几种辅助焊接工艺及目前应用较广的模拟仿真,指出辅助焊接工艺可减小搅拌头磨损,但目前工艺不完善等问题依然存在,需要进一步优化,包括模拟仿真在内,对于钛合金搅拌摩擦焊搅拌头结构、材料优化、磨损机理、辅助焊接工艺等研究均较少,限制了其研究进展及应用。

Friction stir welding has great advantages in welding high melting point metals such as titanium alloys,but the wear of the tools has always been a major difficulty.Therefore,the structures and materials of the tools of friction stir welding in titanium alloy were discussed in the article.It is considered that the comprehensive performance of the conical stirring needle is better.In terms of material selection,the tungsten-rhenium alloy has a better application prospect currently,but the combination of different materials may be more promising in the future.To study the wear mechanism of the tools and the method of reducing wear,several auxiliary welding processes and simulations widely used now are listed.It is pointed out that the auxiliary welding process can reduce the wear of the tools,but the process is still incomplete and they also have a lot of room for improvement.Except for simulation,there are few researches on structure,material optimization,wear mechanism and auxiliary process of titanium alloy friction stir welding tools.This limits its research progress and application.