构建国际经贸新规则的总思路

General Approach to Making New Trade Rules

国际经贸规则是国家(含单独关税区)处理国际经贸关系的一种安排,具有规则创制和利益保护两种价值。以世界贸易组织为基础的现有国际经贸规则未能全面、及时反映科技进步和世界经贸格局的变化,产生了构建国际经贸新规则的现实需求。中美贸易战是这种需求的一种反映。大国往往通过破旧立新方式引领规则构建。以CPTPP和USMCA为代表的新一代区域性贸易协定代表了国际经贸新规则的发展趋势。在构建现代国际经贸规则方面,中国从来没有像今天这样拥有发挥大国作用的机会和能力,中国应更加积极、开放地参与、推动国际经贸新规则的构建。

International trade rules are a kind of arrangement dealing with trade among states(including SCTs),aiming to protect national interests and to establish trade rules.New trade rules are needed because of the fact that the current international trade rules mainly based on the WTO regime have not kept pace with development of technology and change of world trade framework.The on-going trade war between the US and China reflects the conflict of interests between developed economies and emerging economies,and Great Powers usually take disruptively-constructively approach to development of rules.New regional trade agreements such as TPP and USMCA give,to some extent,a new direction of trade rules development.No better chance than ever,in the context of trade war between the US and China,has China had to participate into the formulation of new trade rules.With the experience of 40-year reform,China should be more active and open in developing international trade rules.