明清“掣签法”述论

Draw lots in the Ming and Qing dynasties

明清掣签制度萌芽于洪武时期,基本确立于万历年间,它是在明代吏治逐渐败坏的情况下,为了公平的选授官员而逐渐形成的,其主要特征是在铨选时以抽签的方式选授官员;清代的掣签制度也是基于这样的初衷而实行的。明清的掣签制度,其演变的历史渊源、确立与发展以及清代的承袭,是中国古代政治制度嬗变的一个典型。

The draw lots system of the Ming and Qing dynasties germinates in Hongwu period, corrupt bureaucracy in the Ming dynasty, and gradually formed and granted to fairly select officials, its main characteristic is to draw lots to choose officials; Qing dynasty's draw lots system is based on the same purpose. The system of draw lots of the Ming and Qing dynasties, its historical origin, establishment and development, and the Qing dynasty inherited, is a typical of the change in the political system in ancient China.