美国小学课堂纪律管理的历史沿革

The history of the American elementary school classroom discipline management

美国的小学课堂纪律管理经历了一个较长的沿革过程。19世纪中期至19世纪末期,受教会学校的影响,美国小学课堂纪律管理比较重视对学生言行的约束;进步主义教育时期,小学课堂纪律管理较为宽松,强调"人本化"的管理理念;二战后,美国小学课堂纪律管理出现摇摆现象,前三十年里,课堂强调纪律的严格;20世纪八十年代以后,课堂遵循着"人本化""民主化"的教育理念,课堂纪律宽松。分析美国小学课堂纪律管理的历史沿革对清晰地理解美国现代课堂纪律管理状况有着重要意义。

The American elementary school classroom discipline management has experienced a long evolution process. From the middle of the 19 th century to the end of the 19 th century, because of the influence of the church school, elementary school classroom discipline management attaches great importance to students' words and deeds in the United States; Period of progressive education, elementary school classroom discipline management is relatively loose, emphasis on 'people-oriented' management idea; After the second world war, the United States swing phenomenon in a primary school classroom discipline management, 30 years, before the class emphasize strict discipline; After eighty s of the 20 th century, the classroom follow the 'people-oriented' 'democratization' of education idea, the classroom discipline loose. This article analyzes the history of the American elementary school classroom discipline management to clearly understand the United States has great significance to the modern classroom discipline management situation.