受难原型浅析

Analysis of the suffering archetype

原型通常是指在世界文学中重复出现的一些基本内容,例如题旨、意向、母题和素材等等。弗莱的原型批评就是对这些反复出现的现象进行综合性分析。弗莱就是要打破作品之间的隔膜,从中找到普遍存在的共同意义。希腊神话中窃取天火的普罗米修斯被锁在高加索悬崖上,长矛刺穿他的胸部,大鹰每天早晨来啄食他的肝脏,几千年的折磨铸就了这个悲剧英雄——为人类受难的原型。受难的耶稣"形象现已成为原型意义上的文学意象。哈代在《苔丝》中将心甘情愿承受磨难的女主人公苔丝描写成耶稣基督精神的载体,体现了纯洁、忠诚的女性准则。中国神话中的大禹之父鲧和为求雨而被暴晒至死的鲧,都是受难原型的典范。

The prototype usually refers to some of the basic content of repetition in world literature, such as theme, intention, motif and material etc. Frye's archetypal criticism is a comprehensive analysis of these recurring phenomenon. Frye tries to break the diaphragm between works, find significance of common exist. In Greek mythology, Prometheus is locked on the cliff of the Caucasus because of stealing Skyfire, spear through his chest, the eagles eat his liver every morning, thousands of years of torment shapes the tragic hero——as the prototype of human suffering. The image of Jesus has become a prototype of the literary image. In 'Tess', Hardy described the heroine Tess as the carrier of the spirit of the Jesus Christ, embodies the pure, loyal women. In Chinese mythology,Da Yu's father Gun, is also a model of the suffering archetype.