浅析新世纪以来美国城市经理制研究新进展

The New Development of American City Manager System Since the New Century

美国城市经理制孕育于农业国向工业国过渡时期,它是工业大机器时期城市化的产物。城市经理制借鉴了企业管理的成功经验,在广泛吸收学术研究成果和摒弃了城市委员制的某些弊端的基础上,有机地将企业模式与市政管理融为一体,满足了美国城市化的客观需要。美国城市经理制是美国历时近40年之久的市政机构改革运动的最主要成就。一些美国学者对这种体制十分推崇,或将其誉之为"美国行政部门中最伟大的成就",或冠其名为美国市政史上的"里程碑"。

The city manager system originated from agricultural country to industrial country during the transition period, it is the product of the industrial machine period city. City manager system draws lessons from the successful experience of enterprise management, on the basis of absorbing research results and abandoned some of the drawbacks of city committee system, combining the enterprise mode and municipal integrated management, to meet the objective needs of the city. The city manager system is the main achievement of the United States took municipal institutional reform movement in the past 40 years. Some American scholars speak highly of this system, or its reputation as 'the greatest achievement in the American administrative department', or the name of the crown the municipal history 'milepost'.