国家与社会关系视角下的村民自治

Villager Autonomy from the Perspective of State and Social Relations

国家与社会相分离,国家为调节社会矛盾而产生,当社会发展到一定程度,国家将回归社会。以"国家一社会"的分析范式探索村民自治具有现实意义,我国农村基层自治明确国家与乡村社会的功能边界,是现代国家构建的必然要求,国家与乡村社会良性互动的现实需要,乡村社会自我培育与发展的重要途径。村民自治发展基层民主,在实践中不断创新工作方法,但在发展中仍存在着村委会的自治力量被削弱、村民对自治的理解不足、村民自治社会文化基础逐渐异化等困境,需要不断完善村民自治制度、实现多元化村治、依托乡村社会的文化等。

The state is separated from the society, and the state will return to the society when the society develops to a certain extent in order to adjust the social contradictions. It is of practical significance to explore villagers’ autonomy with the analytical paradigm of 'state-society'. It is necessary to define the functional boundary between the state and the rural society in China’s rural grass-roots autonomy, which is an inevitable requirement for the construction of a modern country, the practical need of benign interaction between country and rural society, and the important way of self-cultivation and development of rural society. Villagers’ autonomy develops grass-roots democracy and innovates working methods in practice. However, there are still some difficulties in the development, such as the weakening of village committee autonomy, the lack of villagers’ understanding of autonomy, the gradual alienation of villagers’ social and cultural basis of autonomy, and so on. It is necessary to perfect the system of villager autonomy, to realize pluralistic village governance and to rely on the culture of rural society.