硒催化羰基化反应若干进展

Some Progress in the Selenium-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reaction

采用廉价的催化剂代替昂贵的金属,低成本的一氧化碳代替氢气乃至光气,一直是人们追求的目标.综述了非金属硒在含碳、氮、氧、硫类有机化合物中的催化羰基化反应,以及在Se/CO/H2 O体系中一些有机化合物的高选择性还原反应,介绍了近期的一些新进展.催化剂量的硒在温和条件下,即可活化一氧化碳而直接进行羰基化和还原反应,特别是发展了将硝基化合物的还原羰基化与胺的氧化羰基化相结合,合成一系列精细化学品和生物化学品.催化剂硒在催化反应中表现出反应过程相转移的特性,兼具了多相催化与均相催化的优点,是反应过程相转移概念中的典型实例.硒催化反应的特点是反应物转化率高,反应选择性专一,原子经济性高,对环境友好。

Using cheap catalysis to substitute expensive metal and low cost carbon monoxide to replace hydrogen or phosgene has been pursuing by the people for many years. The paper reviewed the selenium catalyzed carbonylation reaction such as the carbonylation of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur containing compounds and high selective reduction of some compounds based on the Se/CO/H 2 O system and introduced some new progress. Catalytic amount selenium readily activated carbon monoxide under very mild conditions to synthesize a series of fine chemicals and biochemicals directly. Catalyst selenium combined advantages from heterogeneous catalysis and homogeneous catalysis is a typical example of reaction process transfer catalysis. Selenium catalyzed carbonylation reaction has been characterized by high conversion, atom economical selectivity and environmentally benign and is superior to the traditional multi step method which involves the use of phosgene.