骑自行车上下班时噪声暴露的测量与分析

Traffic noise exposure assessment for a bicycle rider during rush hours.

目的 用个体采样方法测量和评价北京市某居民骑车上下班过程中接触交通噪声的情况。方法 用SH-126记录式声级计采集骑车过程中每分钟的等效A声级,测量时间为星期一至星期五、上班前和下班后的骑车过程。结果 该骑车人上班路上接触的等效声级为(78.9±0.5)dB(A),下班为(79.2±1.6)dB(A);在交通干线骑车时为(80.7±1.1)dB(A)(上班)和(81.9±1.7)dB(A)(下班);在交通支线骑车时为(73.0±2.5)dB(A)(上班)和(72.6±1.2)dB(A)(下班);不同工日之间的测量数据很接近;所有测量数据都超过70 dB(A)的环境噪声标准限值。结论通过对1位骑车人上下班接触交通噪声的典型调查发现,其接触噪声的水平超过环境卫生标准限值约9 dB(A)。这一现象有待于在不同城市、区域和人群中验证。

[Objective] To assess noise exposure level during bicycle riding between home and workplace in Beijing. [Methods] SH-126 dosimeter was applied to measure personal noise exposure data during riding bicycle in rush hours. [Results] A Beijing citizen was involved in the research to observe his noise exposure during riding bicycle. The LAeq of the rider exposure was (78.9±0.5) dB(A) from home to workplace in the morning, (79.2±1.6) dB(A) from workplace to home in the afternoon. The LAeq in the main roads was (80.7±1.1) dB(A) in the morning and (81.9±1.7) dB(A) in the afternoon. The LAeq in branch roads was (73.0±2.5) dB(A) in the morning and (72.6 ±1.2) dB( A) in the afternoon. All data were similar in different workdays. [Conclusion] This investigation found that the personal noise exposure level of a bicycle rider in Beijing was significantly higher than the environmental noise level criteria [70 dB (A) J . These data need to be re-observed in different cities and different populations.