农村青少年生涯规划的特征及影响因素

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Career Planning among Rural Adolescents

在全球化和信息化的时代背景下,工作的不稳定因素快速增加,生涯规划在人的终身发展中的重要作用日益凸显,然而以往研究对农村青少年较少关注。基于对来自农村的初中和高中生的问卷调查和半结构化访谈,通过Logistic模型考察农村青少年生涯规划的特征及影响因素。结果显示:农村青少年生涯规划水平总体处于不确定的探索阶段,表现为生涯规划的自主意识增强,但主动性不够、缺乏独立决策能力、对自我和价值观等认识不够清晰、缺乏具体的个人目标、存在一定的盲目性;不同性别的农村青少年在生涯规划的不同层面上有较大差异;是否班干部、学校类型、来自父母/学校的生涯辅导行为可以预测农村青少年的生涯规划水平。

Lifelong career planning has become increasingly prominent in the context of globalization and informatization.Unfortunately,to a great extent,relevant research is lacking into rural adolescents' career planning.This study explored the characteristics of and factors influencing career planning among rural adolescents to provide a scientific basis for the rural adolescents' career planning and counseling.Adolescents Career Planning Questionnaire and Career Counseling Behavior Questionnaire( self-made questionnaire) were used to test the participants.With 906 valid questionnaires finished by rural adolescents,ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis were conducted.The results showed that the level of rural adolescents' career planning is at an uncertain exploration stage and gender differences in different demographic backgrounds.Factors such as leadership experiences in class,type of school they go to,and career planning guidance offered by their school and parents can help predict how successful rural adolescents are in career planning.It is hoped that all these results will help the rural adolescents,their parents and schools to improve career planning and counseling,and promote the healthy development of the rural adolescents.