日俄战争中日本情报谋略的特点和启示

The Characteristics and Enlightenment of Japanese Intelligence Strategy in the Russo-Japanese War

1904年2月至1905年5月的日俄战争,日本从战争爆发前的基础情报搜集,到战争爆发后的直接战术情报和行动破坏,再到以威胁俄国内政治安全为目的所策划的分离运动、以破坏俄后勤保障为目的收买地方土匪,利用精心的情报谋略出奇制胜。这一过程中日本情报谋略呈现如下特点:搜集情报的长期性、人员培训的专业性、活动方式的多样性、渠道来源的广泛性、价值评估的激励性。这些特点对中国维护新时期的国家安全具有重要的借鉴意义。

During the Russo-Japanese War from February 1904 to May 1905, Japan outwitted Russia in terms of its crafty intelligence strategy from collecting basic intelligence prior to the outbreak of the war, through direct tactical intelligence and action destruction posterior to the outbreak of the war, to the separation movement planned for the purpose of threatening political security in Russia, and the purchase of local bandits for the purpose of destroying Russian logistics support. In this process, the Japanese intelligence strategy takes on the following characteristics: the long-term intelligence gathering, the professionalism of personnel training, the diversity of activities, the extensiveness of channel sources, and the incentives for value assessment. It is of significant reference for China’s current national security work.