尼康宗教改革对俄国政治制度的影响

The Influence of Nikon's Religious Reforms on the Russian Political System

17世纪中期的尼康宗教改革并非一次简单意义上的宗教仪式改革,它对俄国的政治制度产生了重要的影响。表面上尼康只是对东正教的仪式和经书做了统一的革新,但这场改革的背后却展现了尼康和沙皇之间的斗争。改革不仅没有实现尼康的政治野心,反而削弱了教会势力,强化了沙皇专制制度,并且在一定程度上为俄国的欧化扫除了障碍。

The Nikon's religious reform in the middle of 17 th century is not a religious reform in a simple sense, and has an important influence on the Russian political system. It seems that Nikon's reform was just an innovation featured with the unification of Orthodox ceremonies and scriptures, but against the background of the reform appeared the struggle between Nikon and the contemporary tsar. So Nikon's reform didn't achieve his political ambitions, but weakened the power of the church, strengthened the tsarist autocracy, and to a certain extent, swept away the obstacles to Russian Europeanization.