龙天与圣母:晋水流域民间信仰的在场与城乡关系

Longtian and Shengmu:The Presence of Folk Beliefs and the Relationship between Urban and Rural Areas in Jin River Basin

明清太原县城位于晋阳古城基址上,著名的晋祠便位于其境内,其民间信仰有相对稳定的特点。本文通过对晋水流域的两大信仰——龙天与圣母的考察,藉由呈现围绕祠庙展开的信仰活动,揭示迎神活动的内在联系与象征意义,纠正以往学术界关于晋祠'圣母出行'仪式是以单一的圣母崇拜为主导的认识误区。进而完成明清太原县民间信仰体系是以太原县城龙天庙及晋祠为两个中心场所的模式构建,并说明太原县城作为明清县级地方文化信仰中心与地方的互动关系。

Taiyuan City during Ming and Qing dynasties sat on the site of Jinyang City,with the famous Jinci Temple in its territory,and folk beliefs represented relatively stable characteristics.By investigating two folk beliefs in Jin River basin—Longtian and Shengmu,this paper restores the construction of folk belief system and its influence on the relationship between urban and rural areas.Describing worshipping activities around the temple,it reveals the intrinsic link and symbolic significance of the event of Meeting Goddess,correcting previous misunderstandings of the ceremony of the trip of Shengmu as merely maternal worship.It also argues that the pattern of belief system in Taiyuan during Ming and Qing dynasties was shaped by both Longtian Temple and Jinci Temple as central sites,and explicates the interactive relationship between Taiyuan as a cultural center on the county level and subsidiary places during Ming and Qing dynasties.