虎丘云岩寺二山门实物年代与形制年代分析

An Analysis of the Respective Time Periods of Material and Form of the Middle Gate of Yunyan Temple in Huqiu

早期木构建筑断代是建筑考古、建筑历史领域中的重要课题。江南早期木构建筑具有鲜明的地域特征,需要根据江南建筑的特征选择年代判断的方法和依据。虎丘云岩寺二山门年代判断是研究江南地区木构建筑形制与技术无法回避的问题。面对二山门相关文献缺乏、断代模糊的问题,根据多时期构件并置的实际情况,本研究尝试建立实物年代和形制年代这两个概念工具来进行年代问题的分析。运用类型学方法对栱类构件、梁袱类构件分型定式,并建立相对年代序列,明确不同时期更换各种构件的类型与数量。抓住'敏感'构造作法进行形制比对,从而判断其形制年代。

Time period analysis is an important subject in architectural archaeology and historical research.It is difficult to judge building time period of the middle gate of Yunyan Temple in Huqiu due to several formal wooden elements of different time periods.This paper tries to use two conceptual tools-time of material and time of form for time period analysis,and the typological method is adopted to discriminate constructional elements of each time period in comparison with critical formal factors to verdict the time period of the form.