避暑山庄如意洲清盛时风貌考

A Study on Ruyi Island of the Mountain Resort of Chengde in High Qing

如意洲是避暑山庄内地位最重要、景点最丰富、添改最频繁的区域之一,其建筑风格与园林艺术在同时期皇家宫苑中独树一帜,堪称代表。清代帝王将如意洲作为避暑山庄内的'第二寝宫'和娱乐中心,经常在此游宴、寝兴、消夏,举行各类活动。本文基于清宫史料和现状勘察,对康熙、乾隆、嘉庆、咸丰四朝如意洲各建筑的格局、变迁、陈设及功用进行探讨,纠正错误观点,探寻如意洲的历史原貌。

Ruyi Island was one of the most important scenic sites in the Mountain Resort of Chengde with more additions and changes than anywhere else over time.The architectural style and the art of gardening of this site are representative of royal gardens of the Qing.Emperors of the Qing Dynasty regarded Ruyi Island as the"second imperial resting palace"and an entertainment center within the Mountain Resort,for frequent visits and various leisurous activities in summer.Base on historical archives and field surveys,this paper examines its architecture,historical change,furnishings,and the role played out by Ruyi Island under four emperors including Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing,and Xianfeng.The paper aims to correct wrong propositions and restore the original appearance of the site.