明万历官造无梁殿与妙峰大师

Master Miaofeng and the Government-commissioned Beamless Hall in Wanli Period of Ming Dynasty

作为除墓、塔、桥梁以外的古代砖石建筑代表,无梁殿到明代发展到高峰,而尤以万历期间最盛,其中推动无梁殿发展的核心人物是明季高僧妙峰大师。文章围绕他一生的营造活动,探究了无梁殿经历地域性发展到逐渐定型的发展规律,这种发展最为明显的一个特点是台地式纵拱与楼阁式横拱两个代表性区域无梁殿的结合而形成的官造无梁砖殿建造趋势。并由此体现高僧妙峰大师对于建筑工程的贡献和无梁殿在建筑艺术史中的价值。

Being a representative of Chinese ancient masonry architecture apart from tomb,pagoda and bridge,the beamless hall reaches the peak of development of masonry structures in the late Ming dynasty China especially during the Wanli period.Master Miaofeng,an eminent monk of this period is regarded as the main contributors.By tracing through Miaofeng’s lifelong building activities,the paper discusses the development of the beamless hall from the regional stage to the final form.The most representative feature of the development is the combination of two representative regional systems,i.e.platform-type longitudinal parallel arch system,in the North and the pavilion-type transverse arch system in the South.Based on the discussion the paper emphasizes the role and contribution of Master Miaofeng in both constructional and aesthetical aspects.