几种股骨颈骨折内固定器的生物力学实验比较研究

The Biomechanical Experimental study of Several Kinds of Internal Fixations for Fracture of the Femoral Neck

在9具18侧尸体股骨上造成股骨颈骨折,分别以三刃钉、双头加压螺纹钉、三根镙纹针、带翼加压螺纹钉进行固定,并用自制的扭力机及压力机作扭转与压缩试验。结果显示带翼钉的抗旋转能力分别为三刃钉、加压钉、三针的1.95倍、2.54倍和3.62倍;在垂直负载作用下线性范围内,单位力产生的位移(mm/N),带翼钉分别是三刃钉的1/2.2,加压钉1/3.4,三针的1/6。作者认为带翼钉抗扭、抗弯性能好,并初步应用于临订,取得了满意疗效。

Fracture of the femoral neck were experimentally made on 9 cadavers bilaterlly. The fracture were separately fixed with 3-edge nail,2 -head pressure screwed nail,3 screwed pins and the pressure nail with wing panels. The self-made twisting and pressing apparatuses were used to exert the experiments of twisting and pressure . The results indicate that anti-twisting effect of the nail with wing panels is respectively 1. 95,2. 54,and 3. 62times that of 3-edge nail,2-head pressure screwed nail and 3 screwed pins. Within the linear range,under the action of vertical load.the displacement caused by the force per unit(mm/N)at the femora fixed with nail with wing panels is respectively 1/2. 2,1/3. 4and 1/6 that of the 3-edge nail, 2-head pressure nail and 3 screwed pins. The authors concludes that the nail with wing panels is of better anti-twisting and anti-bending effects. The primary clinical practice of this devise proves to be satisfactory.