优化滩涂养殖水体生态结构和调节水质的研究

Using chlorella and effective microorganisms to optimize aquatic ecological structure and to regulate water quality.

采用在滩涂鱼塘和虾池中接种小球藻和有益微生物的方法 ,探讨了调控滩涂养殖水体生态结构的浮游生物种群、数量、生物量及化学环境的可行性 .结果表明 ,虾池和鱼塘中接种小球藻后 ,小球藻数量均大幅度增加 ,变为优势种群 ,分别是其对照的 16 .92倍、4.76倍 ;浮游动物生物量为 4.32mg·L-1和 2 .84mg·L-1,分别比对照增加 19.3 %、2 .5 % .同样 ,光合细菌、酵母菌及硝化细菌显著地改变了水体藻类和浮游动物种群的组成、数量、比例及生物量等 ,“酵母菌 +硝化细菌”的处理 ,使水体氨态氮浓度下降最明显 ,为对照的 44 % ,虾池生化耗氧和化学耗氧 ,为对照的 5 6 .5 %和 38.4% .增加了水体溶解氧和初级生产力 .

To optimize aquatic ecological structure and to regulate water quality, Chlorella vulgaris and effective microorganism were added to Exopalaemon carinicauda pond and fishponds. The results showed that after adding Chlorella vulgaris to the shrimp pond and fishpond, Chlorella vulgaris turned into a dominant species, and its amount was 16.92 and 4.76 times of CK. The zooplankton biomass reached to 4.32 mg·L -1 and 2.84mg·L -1, increasing by 19.3% and 2.5%,compared with CK, respectively. Rhodospirillaceae, photosynthetic bacteria and yeast saccharomycete in the ponds could obviously change the composition, number, ratio, and biomass of the plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton), and adjust aquatic chemical environment. The treatment of 'Saccharomycete+Nitrifying bacteria' decreased the concentrations of NH 4+ obviously, which was only 44% of CK. The BOD and COD in shrimp ponds were only 56.5% and 38.4% of CK. The treatment could increase the dissolved oxygen and primary production in the pond.