工业企业技术进步综合评价方法研究及在江西省的应用

The Synthetic Methods Research on Evaluating Technical Advancement of Industrial Enterprises

企业技术进步对经济增长的促进作用日益明显,对其进行综合评价具有重要意义。企业技术进步的评价方法很多,目前主要有指标体系法和生产函数模型法。指标体系法的关键是综合评价问题,本文就是针对指标体系的综合问题,从效率角度和相对评价两个方面探讨企业间技术进步的综合评价。其主要特点:(1) 克服评价过程中主观因素的影响(各指标的权重不必人为确定),具有较强的客观性;(2) 综合评价的计算结果,不仅可以对企业问技术进步的状况进行评比,而且在评价过程中还能同时指出企业在哪些方面存在着不足、需待改进;(3) 经济增长和经济效益是两个不同的概念,以往只是评价技术进步对经济增长的作用(贡献),本文除建立了企业技术进步水平的综合评价模型外,还应用DEA方法着重探讨了技术进步的经济效益的综合评价;(4) 为企业技术进步状况的纵向比较,也提供了定量评价方法。通过模型对江西省部分大中型企业进行了测算。

There are many appraisal methods on technical advancement of enterprises. This article focuses on the synthetic solution of the target system from both efficiency and relative evalnating. The article looks into the synthetic appraisal on technical advancement of enterprises. The main featnres of the article are: 1) It overcomes the subjeetive factors during the evaluating process and is more objective. 2) The results of computation on synthetic appraisal not only can compare the situation of technical advancement between enterprises, bat also point ont the stortages in enterprises and ways to improve them. 3)The economic growth and the economic efect are two different concepts. Besides setting up syntetic appraisal model for technical advancement, this article gives first priority to the study of the synthetic appraisal of econo mic effects of technical aavancement, by using D E A(Data Envelopment Analysis)method. 4) This model has been asessed in some enterprises in Jiang Xi.