美国建国初期政党报刊的形成——杰斐逊与汉密尔顿之争的另一个侧面

The emergence of the Party Press in America --A result of the debate between Jefferson and Hamilton

美国建国初期 ,托马斯·杰斐逊与亚历山大·汉密尔顿的论争 ,是两个党派的论争 ,更是两种政治思想的论争 ,对美国政治体制的影响极为深远。值得注意的是 :除了政府报告和国会辩论 ,这一论争的最公开方式是报刊笔战。对于新闻出版界而言 ,这次论战的直接结果 ,是促成了政党报刊的形成 ;其间接结果 ,是把宪法第一修正案所确定的原则付诸实践检验 ,从而深化了对新闻自由的认识 ;其长期结果 ,是把两种互相矛盾的思想植入美国的新闻思想史 。

The debate between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton at the beginning of the United States history is not only a debate between two great men and two parties, but also a debate between two kinds of political thoughts, which greatly influenced the American political system. Besides the government reports and congress arguments, the debate mainly took place in the newspapers, which were the trigger of the war as well as the battlefield of the war, also the victim of the war as well as the beneficiary of the war. Consequently, the debate led to the emergence of the Party Press. Indirectly, the principia drawn in the first Amendment was executed and freedom of press got acknowledged and enjoyed by the people. In the long run, two contradicting concepts were developed in the American Press thoughts which are still affecting the argument about new Liberalism today.