自体肌腱细胞介导修复肌腱缺损的实验研究

An experimental study of repair of tendon defects using autologous tenocyte engineered tendon

目的 探讨以自体肌腱细胞为种子细胞的组织工程化肌腱体内形成。方法 取自体肌腱细胞经体外培养、扩增 ,与可吸收生物材料聚羟基乙酸 (polyglycolicacid ,PGA)混合培养形成细胞 生物材料复合物 ,将细胞 生物材料复合物移植于手术缺损的家猪趾浅屈肌腱处 ,并设单纯PGA组作为对照组。术后 6周取材 ,对标本进行大体观察、组织学和生物力学检测和评价再生组织。结果 实验组新生组织在大体、组织学和胶原排列等方面与正常肌腱相似 ,对照组新生组织细胞、胶原排列较为紊乱。生物力学显示其最大拉力、最大应力和弹性模量 ,实验组比对照组分别提高 3 6.1% (t =3 5 6、P <0 .0 5 )、2 7.4%(t =2 94、P <0 .0 5 )和 15 .0 % (t =2 62、P <0 .0 5 )。

Objective To investigate the formation of engineered tendon in vivo with autologous tenocytes as seed cells. Methods The autologous tenocytes were cultured and amplified in vitro and mixed with bio absorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) to form a cell scaffold complex. This cell scaffold complex was implanted and bridged the defect of the superficial digital flexor tendon at the pig foot. A cell free PGA was implanted at another pig's foot as a control. The regenerated tendon was harvested after 6 weeks for gross, histology examinations and biomechanical analysis. Results The regenerated tissue at the experimental group was comparable to the normal tendon in gross and histology properties of tenocytes and collagen distribution. A misarranged collagen distribution and regenerated tissue cells were observed at the control group. The biomechanical results at the experimental group demonstrated 36.1%, 27.4% ,15.0% greater than those at the control group in maximum force, maximum stress and spring modulus, respectively. Conclusion Using tissue engineering technique autologous tenocytes can repair tendon defects.