丝电爆制备金属纳米颗粒的研究

The studyof metal nanoparticles produced by wire electrical explosion

开发了金属丝电爆制备纳米颗粒的设备,适用于细金属丝连续电爆制备纳米颗粒,并用高压触发管来控制爆炸位置。利用该装置将0.2mm及0.1mm丝径的镍丝、钼丝、钨丝制备成相应的纳米颗粒,结合纳米颗粒形貌、颗粒粒度分布以及爆炸过程的电流电压波形进行分析。结果表明:在爆炸位置不受控制的情况下,钼丝电爆时受大电流气体放电作用,制备的纳米颗粒粒径大且不均匀,平均粒径在40～60nm之间;而镍丝制备的纳米颗粒品质较好,平均粒径在20～30nm之间。爆炸位置受控时,可以将钨丝制成平均粒径为20.5nm的颗粒。。

An equipment for the production of metal nanoparticles by wire electrical explosion of was developed,it is appropriate for fine metal wire to produce nanoparticles by continuously exploding,and a high voltage trigger tube is used to control the position of explosion.The nickel wires,molybdenum wires and tungsten wires with 0.2 mm or0.1 mm diameters are produced to nanoparticles by this equipment,the morphology of nanoparticles,the particle size distribution and the discharge current and voltage waveforms of exploding are analyzed.The result showed that without the position of explosion controlling the exploding of molybdenum wires are effected by the large current gas discharge,the size of Mo nanoparticles are large and inhomogeneous,the mean diameter is between 40-60 nm;and the nickel wires can be produced to nanoparticles with better quality.When the position of exploding is controlled,tungsten wires can be produced to the nanoparticles with mean diameter of 20.5 nm.