一种能量捕获无线传感网络机会路由算法

Algorithm of Opportunistic Routing Based on Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

在无线传感网络中,采用能量捕获技术理论上可以无限延长节点的使用寿命。基于该技术,提出了一种新的机会路由算法——能量潜能机会路由(Energy Potential Opportunistic Routing,EPOR)算法。该算法首先用到目的节点的期望传输次数衡量各节点到目的节点的距离,然后用节点的剩余能量与节点所捕获的能量之和表示节点的能量潜能,最后用期望传输次数和节点能量潜能决定节点的退避时间,退避时间最短的节点即为转发节点。理论分析和仿真实验表明,该算法不但可以延长网络生命期,而且可以明显改善网络中节点能量的均衡性。

In wireless sensor networks,using energy harvesting technology can theoretically extend infinitely the life of the nodes.Based on this technology,this paper presented a new opportunistic routing algorithm called energy potential opportunistic routing(EPOR)algorithm.First,the algorithm uses expected transmission count between the transmission node and the destination node to measure the distance between them.Then,the sum of the residual energy and the harvested energy of the node is used to express the energy potential of the node.Finally,the expected transmission count and the potential energy of the node are used to determine the back off time of the node.The node which has the shortest back off time is the transmission node.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that this algorithm can not only prolong the life of the network,but also significantly improve the energy balance of the nodes in the network.