乡村景观空间格局分布特征快速提取仿真研究

Research on the Simulation of Rapidly Extracting Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Rural Landscape

针对当前方法提取的乡村景观空间格局分布特征无法有效反映乡村景观与自然环境、以及人类活动三者之间的关系,导致乡村景观布局不尽合理。提出一种基于区域特征融合规则的乡村景观空间格局分布特征快速提取方法,以乡村景观空间格局分布的遥感影像作为数据源,计算其二维离散小波分析尺度函数和小波基函数,利用计算结果对遥感影像进行小波分解,获得高频和低频系数,并采用小波方差对获得的高频和低频系数进行尺度识别。基于区域特征的融合规则,在尽量保留乡村景观空间格局分布遥感影像光谱特性的同时,对乡村景观空间格局分布特征的低频系数和高频新系数进行融合提取。仿真实例分析结果表明,研究区域乡村景观类型过于单一,受人类生产生活影响以及地形影响较大,乡村土地利用结构不够合理,空间异质性较差,景观分布不平衡现象严重,景观多样性程度不高等问题,与实际状况相一致,并在此基础上提出了一些可信性建议,有利于更加科学合理地进行乡村景观空间布局。

Spatial pattern distribution of rural landscapes extracted for current methods cannot effectively reflect the relationship between rural landscapes and natural environments and human activities,resulting in unreasonable layout of rural landscapes.This paper proposes a method to quickly extract the spatial distribution characteristics of rural landscape based on regional feature fusion rules.Using the remote sensing image of rural landscape spatial pattern distribution as a data source,the 2 D discrete wavelet analysis scale function and wavelet basis function were calculated,and the calculation results were used.The remote sensing image was decomposed with wavelet to obtain high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients,and the high-frequency and low-frequency coefficients obtained with the wavelet variance were used for scale recognition.Based on the fusion rules of regional features,the spectral characteristics of remote sensing images of rural landscape spatial pattern distribution were preserved.The fusion extraction of low frequency coefficients and high frequency new coefficients of the spatial pattern distribution of rural landscapes was carried out.The results of simulation examples show that the rural landscape types in the study area are too single and affected by human production and life,and the topography also has a great influence.The rural land use structure is not reasonable,the spatial heterogeneity is poor,the landscape distribution is unbalanced,and the landscape diversity is serious.Less advanced issues are consistent with actual conditions,and on this basis,some credible suggestions are proposed,which are conducive to more scientific and rational spatial layout of rural landscapes.