基于DInSAR技术的矿山开采沉陷监测研究现状

Research States of Mining Subsidence Monitoring Based on DInSAR Technology

合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量方法(Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,DIn SAR)作为合成孔径雷达干涉测量(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,In SAR)方法的进一步发展,由于具有空间分辨率高、全天时、覆盖面积大、成本低等优点,在矿区开采沉陷监测中得到了广泛应用。在对近年来该领域的最新研究成果梳理的基础上,首先对DIn SAR技术的基本原理,数据处理方法(二轨方法、三轨方法、四轨方法)的基本流程,以及相对于精密水准测量、GPS差分测量的优势等进行了分析;然后分别从最大可探测沉降量、卫星重访周期、影像分辨率等3个方面详细讨论了DIn SAR影像数据选择方法;最后就DIn SAR与GPS集成、DIn SAR与GIS集成的应用成果进行评述。得出以下结论:1多时相DIn SAR影像数据、矿山开采平面图、正射影像图、矿山地质水文数据等多源数据的融合,是提高DIn SAR矿山开采沉陷监测精度的有效方法;2加强DIn SAR-GIS矿山开采沉陷监测软件开发,进一步提高两者的集成程度,充分发挥GIS强大的空间分析功能,是下一步基于DIn SAR技术的矿山开采沉陷监测发展的一个方向。上述分析成果对于提高DIn SAR矿山开采沉陷监测精度具有一定的参考价值。

Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar( DIn SAR) method as the further development results of Interferometric synthetic aperture radar( In SAR) method,it has the characteristics of high resolution,all day long,large coverage area and low cost,it is widely applied in mining subsidence monitoring.Based on analyzing the latest research results in the filed,the basic principle,the basic process of the data processing method( two rails method,three rails method and four rails method) of DIn SAR are analyzed in depth,the advantages of In SAR relative to precise leveling method and GPS differential measurement method are discussed; then,the image data selection method of DIn SAR is introduced detailedly from the three aspects of maximum detectable settlement,satellite revisit cycle and image resolution; finally,the application results of integration of DIn SAR and GPS and integration of DIn SAR and GIS are analyzed. The results show that: 1 the fusion of multisource data such as multi-time DIn SAR image data,mining floor plans,orthogonal projection images and mine geology and hydrological datas is the effective method to improve the precise of mining subsidence monitoring; 2strengthening the development of the DIn SAR-GIS mining subsidence monitoring software,further improving the integration degree of DIn SAR and GIS and making full use of the strong spatial analysis function of GIS is the development direction of the mining subsidence monitoring method based on DIn SAR technology.The above research results can provide some reference for improving the precise of mining subsidence monitoring method.