经学传承与哲学诠释:《诗》儒家经典化的途径

On the Inheritance of Confucian Classics and Philosophical Interpretation: How The Book of Songs is Canonized by Confucianists

"《诗》的儒家经典化"过程指《诗》由"先王之政典"成功转化为儒家"六经"之一的过程,是《诗》之意义和精神发生转化与升华的过程。其途径有二:首先有赖于早期儒家经典之学亦即早期经学系统之授受与传承,这是《诗》儒家经典化的现实基础;其次有赖于早期儒家对《诗》的引用和诠释,以及对"《诗》言志"之整体意义的化约,从而使其内涵儒学化,这是《诗》儒家经典化的内在根据。这是一个双向运动过程:一方面,儒家的价值理念不断地被"注入"《诗》文本之中,使其"本义"不断发生延伸、扩充,使其"次生意义"不断被固定化;另一方面,《诗》作为先在的权威文本,以丰富的价值理念和"诗"的灵动性参与到了早期儒家哲学建构之中。

'The Confucian canonization of The Book of Songs'refers to the process in which The Book of Songs was successfully transformed from the'political code of the ancient kings'into one of the'Six Confucian Classics'.It is the process in which the meaning and spirit of The Book of Songs were transformed and sublimated.There are two ways for this canonization:first,it depends on the inheritance of the early Confucian classics—the early Confucian classic system,which is the realistic basis for the Confucian canonization of The Book of Songs;second,it depends on the early Confucianists’quotation and interpretation of The Book of Songs,as well as the reduction of its overall meaning so as to make its connotation Confucian,which is the internal basis of canonization.The canonization is a two-way process:on one hand,the Confucian values and ideas are constantly injected in the text of The Book of Songs,resulting in the extension and expansion of the original meanings and the fixation of the new produced meanings;on the other hand,The Book of Songs,as the authoritative text,participates in the construction of the early Confucian philosophy with its status,rich values and ideas,and'poetical'flexibility.