西天目山主要草本药用植物调查与应用研究

Investigation of main herbaceous medicinal plant resources and their utilization in West Tianmu Mountain

为探明西天目山主要草本药用植物资源及其应用情况,采用路线调查、查阅文献及书籍、走访居民等方法进行调查,为该区草本药用植物的研究、保护及利用提供科学依据。结果显示:(1)该区主要有草本药用植物150种,隶属于64科133属。单种科占首位,含2—5种的寡种科占次位,2者分别占总科数的63. 00%和30. 00%,分别占总种数的26. 67%和33. 33%。单种科及寡种科占的比例大,说明该区草本药用植物科的组成具多样性;(2)单种属最多,占总属数的90. 23%,除单种属外皆为寡种属,表明该区草本药用植物无占明显优势的大属,属的构成复杂多样;(3) 1年生及多年生草本药用植物占主导地位,分别占总种数的25. 33%及56. 00%;(4)被子植物门双子叶植物最多,占总种数的67. 33%;(5)当地药用草本植物的利用方式多样,有栽培作药用、食用与观赏,采集野生作药用、食用、牧草等方式,但未被利用的仍占主体,达37. 89%。该区草本药用植物多样性丰富,药用价值高,应建立研究、管理及宣传机构进行保护和合理利用。

In order to explore main herbaceous medicinal plant resources and their application in West Tianmu Mountain,the route research,literature consult,interview investigation and other methods were used.The results are as follows:(1)There are 150 main herbaceous medicinal plant species in West Tianmu Mountain,belonging to 133 genera and 64 families.The single-species family ranks the first place,followed by the oligo-species family with 2—5 species which accounts for63.00%of total families and contains 26.67%of total species.Meanwhile,the oligo-species family accounts for 30.00%of total families and contains 33.33%of total species.The proportion of single-species family and oligo-species family are large,indicating that the composition of herbaceous medicinal plant family in this area is diverse.(2)The single-species genera are the most,accounting for 90.23%of the total genera.The other herbaceous medicinal plants all belong to oligospecies genera,which indicates that there are no dominant genera with multi-species in this area and the composition of genera is complex and diverse.(3)Annual and perennial herbaceous medicinal plant species are dominant,accounting for25.33%and 56%of the total species respectively.(4)The number of dicotyledonous plants belonging to angiospermophyta is the largest,accounting for 67.33%of the total species.(5)Local residents use herbaceous medicinal plants in a variety of ways including cultivation for medicine,edible,ornamental and collection for medicine,edible,herbage.However,the unused medicinal plants still account for 37.89%.Herbaceous medicinal plants in this area are abundant in diversity and have high medicinal value.The organizations for investigation,management should be established to protect and rationally utilize these resources.