以色列的第一位医生，还是全世界的第一位医生?——《禧年书》与《亚萨书》中的挪亚形象

Israel’s First Physician or the World’s First Physician? The Image of Noah in Jub. 10: 1-14 and the Book of Asaph

将医学知识归结于先祖挪亚是《禧年书》特有的现象。这种传统的另外一个证据是晚期的《挪亚书》(即中世纪《亚萨书》的简介)。本项研究尝试比较和对比两者对挪亚获得医学知识的叙述,突出两者的细微差异,分析两部作品的作者各自的写作意图。本文认为《禧年书》将挪亚描述为以色列第一位医生,为其读者创立了正统的医学范畴;《亚萨书》则将挪亚描述为世界上第一位医生,由此认为源自犹太的医学知识被传播到了不同文化中。

A curious phenomenon in the Book of Jubilees is the attribution of medical knowledge to the patriarch,Noah.The only other attestation of this tradition is found in the much later Book of Noah(that is,the introduction to the medieval Book of Asaph the Physician).The intention of the present study is to compare and contrast these accounts of Noah’s acquisition of medical knowledge,highlighting the nuances in each and how these serve the different purposes of each writer.It will be argued that whilst Jubilees creates a licit category of medicine specifically for its audience by painting Noah as Israel’s first physician,the Book of Asaph paints Noah as the world’s first physician and thereby asserts a Jewish provenance for medical knowledge across different cultures.