甜高粱种质资源多样性及主要农艺参数聚类分析

Genetic diversity of sweet sorghum germplasm resources and clustering of major agronomical traits

对在南京地区种植的88份国内外甜高粱种质资源的株高、茎粗、茎节数、茎秆鲜质量、整株榨汁率、整株锤度及始花期7个主要数量农艺性状进行了调查与测定,并进行了相关性、遗传多样性、主成分分析及聚类分析。这些种质资源各性状变异系数为22.62%~52.51%,遗传多样性指数为1.83~2.03。从7个性状中提取出2个主成分进行主成分分析,贡献值分别为64.947%和18.285%。第1主成分与株高、茎粗、茎节数、茎秆鲜质量及始花期的相关性都较高,第2主成分与出汁率和锤度相关系数较高。聚类分析可将88份甜高粱资源分为6个类群,从Ⅱ和Ⅲ类群中可以选出适合密植的早熟中秆材料,如甜选35、甜选37及甜选39等;从Ⅳ和Ⅴ类群中可选出植株高大、锤度高的晚熟材料,如甜选160、宁甜选6及黑穗芦稷等;从Ⅵ类群可以选出生育期适中的材料,如甜选33、甜选61及甜选133等。表明供试的88份甜高粱种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性。

Seven major agronomic traits, including plant height, stem diameter, node number per stem, plant fresh weight, juice yield per plant, brix and first-flowering date, of eighty-eight domestic and foreign sweet sorghum cultivars planted in Nanjing area, were measured. The correlation, genetic diversity, principal components analy-sis and clustering were analyzed. The coefficients of varia-tion and genetic diversity index of all agronomic characters ranged from 22. 62%-52. 51% and 1. 83-2. 03, respectively. Two principal components (PCs) were extracted from seven agronomic traits by principal component analysis, and their contributions were 64. 947% and 18. 285%, respectively. PCⅠ showed higher correlations with five agronomic traits of plant height, stem diameter, node number per stem, plant fresh weight and first-flowering date, however, PCⅡ exhibited closer relationships with juice yield per plant and brix. Eighty-eight sweet sorghum cultivars were classified into six groups by clustering analysis. Early maturing cultivars suitable for compact planting were selected from groupsⅡandⅢincluding Tianxuan35, Tianxuan37,Tianxuan39. Cultivars with mod-erate growth durations were selected from VI group, such as Tianxuan33, Tianxuan61, Tianxuan133. And late-maturing cultivars with higher biomass and brix were selected form groupsⅣandⅤ, such as Tianxuan160, Ningtianxuan6, Heisui-luji. The results indicated that the genetic diversity was abundant in 88 sweet sorghum germplasms.