两种施肥方法与施肥量对杂交水稻产量与米质影响的研究

A Study on the Effects of Two Topping Methods in Different Dosages on Yield and Grain Quality of Hybrid Rice

以杂交水稻赣化2号和汕优3号为材料,研究在不同氮肥水平下均匀施肥法和两促施肥法对杂交水稻产量与米质的影响。在低肥情况下,两种施肥方法的产量相近;在高肥情况下,因两促施肥法结实翠较高而产量明显高于均匀施肥法。两品种,两施肥方法均随施氮量的增加出糙率提高,腹白率则逐渐下降,最大下降幅度为22.5—31.0％。糙米中蛋白质含量随施氮量增加而明显提高,由不施肥的7.94％,提高到12％左右。施肥方法和施肥量对糙米中直链淀粉含量影响不大。

With two hybrid rice varieties Ganhua 2 and Xianyou 2, the study was carried out to investigate the effects of topping methods on the yield and grain quality under different nitrogen dosages. The result showed that, when nitrogen dose was low,no difference was found in yield either with even-topping or topping concentrated in two stages; however, when nitrogen dose was high, topping concentrated in two stages provided a significantly higher yield than that of the even-topping method due to its greater percentage of ripened grains, and brown rice ratios of both hybrid rice varieties increased with the rise of nitrogen dose applied and the raio of chalky dropped gradually with the largest decrease rate ranging from 22.5% to 31.0%. It was found that the content of proteins of brown rice also obviously increased from an average 7.94% (no topping)to about 12%when nitrogen dose was increased, and the topping method and the dose of nitrogen applied exhibited no essential effects on amylose content of brown rice.