非结核分枝杆菌疾病的流行病学研究

Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease

近年来,全球非结核分枝杆菌(Nontuberculous mycobacteria,NTM)疾病发病率呈上升趋势,已成为重要的公共卫生问题之一,由于NTM肺部感染症状和结核病非常相似,临床易误诊为结核病,因此也是结核病防控的重点和难点。由于缺乏全人群监测网络,流行病学分析是获得NTM发病、流行情况的主要手段。本文就NTM疾病的流行、分布,危险因素及诊断和治疗的研究现况进行综述,为了解该病的流行趋势和特点及制定防控策略提供科学依据。

Objective Nontuberculous Mycobacterial(NTM)have been reported to demonstrate an ascending trend of prevalence worldwide and is rapidly becoming a major public health problem in recent years.Due to the similar clinical symptoms with pulmonary tuberculosis,NTM diseases are easily misdiagnosed as tuberculosis,which challenges the prevention and control of tuberculosis diseases.Epidemiological study is the main approach to obtain incidence and prevalence of NTM due to lack of population-based surveillance.In order to illustrate the epidemic trend,characteristics and to provide scientific basis for making strategies to prevent and control NTM disease,the prevalence status,distribution,risk factors,diagnosis techniques and research progress of NTM were described in the review.