某医疗保障体系内部队官兵卫生服务需求调查分析

Demand of officers and soldiers for health service in a medical support system

目的了解某医疗保障体系内部队官兵的健康状况、卫生服务需求情况,为军队医疗保障制度的改革和发展以及合理配置卫生资源提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法对某医疗保障体系内的陆军、空军、战略支援部队、武警部队官兵抽取1013人进行问卷调查,数据采用Epi Data3. 1输入并逻辑校对,使用SPSS19. 0软件进行统计分析。结果该地区官兵的两周患病率为25. 6%,高于2013年国家第5次卫生服务调查的全国居民平均水平24. 1%。两周患病的疾病构成依次是腰腿痛、感冒、胃痛、训练伤、泌尿系统疾病、口腔疾病等,慢性病种类依次是颈、腰椎疾病、慢性鼻炎、结膜炎、慢性胃肠炎、静脉曲张、慢性前列腺炎、神经性皮炎、慢性肾炎。心理卫生服务需求较大的人群为团以下干部,压力主要来自家庭因素(46. 3%)和工作能力(23. 2%)。影响门诊就诊服务的单因素分析显示,文化程度、婚姻状况、是否患有慢性病、供药满意度等因素对患病后是否就诊影响效果显著;多因素分析显示缺勤天数、是否患慢性病、接受健康教育次数、心理压力、最愿去卫生队就诊是影响门诊就诊的显著因素。结论该医疗保障区域内的官兵卫生服务需求较高,慢性病疾病谱特征明显,应加强指导基层医疗机构对运动系统、呼吸系统、消化系统、训练伤、泌尿系统等常见病、多发病的防控。

Objective To find out abont the health status and health service needs among officers and soldiers in a medical support system and provide reference for the reform and development of the military medical support system and the rational allocation of health resources. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1013 sevvicemen from the Army,Air Force,Strategic Support Forces and Armed Police Forces in a medical support system. The data was imported using Epi Data 3. 1 and logical check while SPSS19. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The two-week incidence of officers and soldiers in the region was25. 6%,which was higher than the national average of 24. 1% followed by during the national health service survey in2013. The disease composition of the two weeks was dominated by low back pain,cold,stomach pain,training injury,urinary system diseases and oral diseases. Chronic diseases were mainly cervical and lumbar vertebrae diseases,followed by chronic rhinitis,conjunctivitis,chronic gastroenteritis,varicose veins,chronic prostatitis,neurodermatitis and chronic nephritis. Demand for mental health services was dominating among officers below the regiment level. Stress was mainly from the family( 46. 3%) and work( 23. 2%). The single factor analysis of the outpatient service showed the levels of education,marital status,chronic disease and satisfaction with drug supply had a significant effect on patients’ willingress to get treated. Multivariate analysis showed that days of absence,chronic disease,times of health education,psychological stress and the willingness to receive treatment were significant factors affecting outpatient visits. Conclusion The demand for health services in the medical support area is relatively high,and the spectrum characteristics of chronic diseases are obvious. The prevention and control of common diseases with the in exercise system,respiratory system,digestive system and urinary system should be strengthened.