赛车悬架设计及疲劳可靠性研究

Study on the Design and Fatigue Reliability of Suspension of Racing Car

针对中国大学生方程式赛车容易出现悬架失效的情况,首先设计了双横臂式独立悬架和多连杆式独立悬架,通过仿真比较两者在三种特定工况下的受力,确定双横臂式独立悬架为最佳方案。然后进行实车试验,验证了仿真结果的准确性。紧接着,设计两种不同结构形式的双横臂后悬架下控制臂,在蛇形工况下分别进行疲劳可靠性分析,结果表明焊接钢板结构比套筒焊接结构的可靠性要更佳。最后对焊接钢板结构的下控制臂进行轻量化设计,优化目标为保证其疲劳可靠性不发生降低的情况下减重(15～20)%,再次分析的结果表明设计方案达到了优化目标。

The suspension of racing car will be faced with failure in Formula Student China. Double-wishbone suspension and multi-link suspension are firstly designed to analyze load history under three specific conditions with simulation. The analysis result illustrates that double-wishbone suspension is superior to multi-link suspension and a real vehicle test is conducted to certify the accuracy of simulation. Then,two kinds of lower control arms of double-wishbone rear suspension are designed to analyze fatigue reliability. The result reveals that steel-plate-welding structure is more excellent then sleeve-welding structure on fatigue reliability. The optimization target,loss of weight by(15~20)% under the premise of equivalent fatigue reliability,which is reached by the optimal design of steel-plate-welding structure.