弹簧腐蚀失效模式发生机制与预防

Corrosion failure mode happening mechanism and prevent of spring

对弹簧的腐蚀失效模式、发生机制与预防进行探讨。弹簧腐蚀失效大多数情况下是电化学反应的结果,环境中存在水分与溶解其中的酸性物质形成可以导电的电桥,从而形成微电池效应,金属中电子通过电桥发生转移。电极电位低的材料成为阳极失去电子受到腐蚀,氢离子和应力起到加速腐蚀的作用。由于弹簧材料不同,腐蚀介质不同,服役环境不同,腐蚀材料呈现出多种类型的失效模式,针对电偶腐蚀、点腐蚀、缝隙腐蚀、晶间腐蚀、应力腐蚀的发生机制进行分析,并对不同的失效模式提出预防措施,为弹簧设计、选材和制造,提供理论参考和技术支持。

To discuss spring corrosion failure mode,happening mechanism and prevention,spring corrosion failure is mostly the result of electrochemical reaction,water in environment and dissolved acid material forms conductive bridge,forms micro battery effect,electrons in metal transfer through bridge. The material of low electrode potential as anode loss electrons suffering corrosion,hydrogenion and stress play the role of accelerated corrosion. Because of spring material is different,corrosion medium is different,service condition is different,corrosive material occurs many types failure mode,the happening mechanism is analyzed aiming at galvanic corrosion,pitting corrosion,crevice corrosion,intergranular corrosion,stress corrosion,and preventive measure is put forward aiming material selection and production.