辽西早白垩世九佛堂组两种新的翼手龙类化石(英文)

TWO NEW PTERODACTYLOID PTEROSAURS FROM THE EARLY CRETACEOUS JIUFOTANG FORMATION OF WESTERN LIAONING,CHINA

简要报道了辽西热河群上部九佛堂组两件新的翼手龙类化石 ,即夜翼龙科(Nyctosauridae)的张氏朝阳翼龙 (新属、新种 )Chaoyangopteruszhangigen .etsp .nov.和古魔翼龙科 (Anhangueridae)的顾氏辽宁翼龙 (新属、新种 )Liaoningopterusguigen .et.sp .nov.。前者为保存较完整的化石骨架 ,后者为一大型翼龙的头骨和部分头后骨骼化石。朝阳翼龙是夜翼龙科在亚洲大陆的首次确切的化石记录 ,也是层位最低和保存最完整的化石骨架。朝阳翼龙具有4节翼指骨 ,手指爪粗大弯曲 ,这些发现补充和修正了前人认为的夜翼龙科只有 3节翼指骨 ,手指爪退化缺失等一些重要的形态学特征。朝阳翼龙与该科的Nyctosaurusgracilis头后骨骼相比 ,具有许多不同的特征 ,如胫骨特长 ,远长于股骨 ,翼掌骨和第 1翼指骨相对较短 ,肩胛骨短于乌喙骨等。辽宁翼龙是我国已发现的个体最大的翼龙化石 ,发育前上颌骨和齿骨弧形脊突这一古魔翼龙科的重要鉴别特征。与该科的其他成员相比 ,辽宁翼龙上、下颌的牙齿较少 ,仅分布在其前部 ,齿列约占上、下颌长度的 1 / 2。上颌第 1、3齿小 ,第 2、4齿巨大 ,其中第 4齿最大 ,为已知翼龙中最大的牙齿。牙齿具有明显的替换现象。夜翼龙科的成员仅分布于美洲大陆的晚白垩世地层中 。

In this paper we report two new pterodactyloid pterosaurs from the Jiufotang Formation inwestern Liaoning Province of northeast China. They are Chaoyangopterus zhangi gen. et sp. nov. (Nyctosauridae) and Liaoningopterus gui gen. et sp. nov. (Anhangueridae). The former not only represents the first such record in Asia but also the earliest record and most complete skeleton of the family. Some revisions of the family are made, such as having four wing digits and well-developed manual digits Ⅰ～Ⅲ. Liaoningopterus is the largest pterosaur ever discovered in China; its teeth also represent the largest known from any pterosaurs. Discoveries of two more pterosaurs from the Jiufotang Formation futher show that two pterosaur assemblages could be recognized in the Jehol Group,represented by the Yixian Formation and Jiufotang Formation, respectively. The pterosaur assemblage of the Jiufotang Formation shows a lot resemblance to that of the Early Cretaceous Santana Formation (Aptian/Albian) such as the Tapejaridae and Anhangueridae. The age of the Jiufotang Formation (Aptian) is slightly older than the Santana Formation.