唐家河自然保护区小型兽类群落结构

A Preliminary Research on Small Mammal Community Structure at Tangjiahe Natural Reserve,Sichuan Province,China

198 9年 4～ 11月对唐家河自然保护区的小型兽类进行了研究 ,共布放 110 0 0多铗日 ,捕获小型兽类 846只。共有小型兽类 2 1种 ,划分为 4个群落。利用方差分析和多重比较分析出了各群落内的优势种 ,并比较了方差分析与以捕获比例确定小型兽类群落优势种的差异。根据香农 -威纳公式分析了群落的多样性和均匀性 ,发现随着群落内物种数的增加 ,群落的多样性和均匀性指数也都增加 ,但是随着群落内优势种所占比例增加 ,群落的多样性则显著降低 ,均匀度也降低。

From April to November 1989, the rodent community was sampled in the Tangjiahe natural Reserve, Sichuan Province, China. A total of 846 individuals were captured with 11 000 trap-days during the research period, and 21 small mammal species were recorded in the study site. All data were analyzed with ANOVA(variance analysis).There were four small mammal communities: C1, Niviventer niniventer+ Apodmus chevrieri+ Aoriculus squamipes small mammal community;C2, N.niniventer+ A.chevrieri small mammal community;C3, N.niniventer+ Apodmus draco+ Niviventer andersoni small mammal community,;and C4, Ochatona thibetana+ A.chevrieri small mammal community.With ANOVA and multiple comparisons, the dominant species were analysed in each rodent community.The results show that both N.niniventer and A.chevrieri were equal dominant species in C1 community; O.thibetana and A.chevrieri were also dominant species in C4 community; N.niniventer and A.chevrieri were respectively first and second dominant species in C2 community;and N.niniventer and A.draco were also respectively first and second dominant species in C3 community. In addition, comparisons were made on the methods between ANOVA and capturing percentages to decide the dominant species in each community. The results show that the former was more suitable than the capturing percentages in deciding the dominance species within rodent community in Tangjiahe Natural Reserve. The diversity and evenness indexes of small mammal community were caculated with the Shanno-Weiner formula. The results show that the diversity index of the community increased with the species increasing in small mammal community( r = 0.7360 < r 0.05 = 0.878, P > 0.05), and the evenness index also had the same trend. The diversity and evenness indexes declined with the increasing of the dominant species percentages in small mammal community, and thus, the dominant species the small mammal community reached prominence( r =-0.9985< r 0.05 =-0.878, P <0.05).