股骨髁上型带锁髓内钉的设计及在大型动物中的应用

The Design and Application of Femoral Supracondylar Interlocking Intramedullary Nail in Large Animals

目的:介绍一种新设计的可结合人工表面关节软骨的股骨踝上型带锁髓内钉,适用于股骨下段同种异体骨关节移植术。方法:以猪为实验对象,建立股骨下段骨关节移植动物模型。该钉横断面为三叶草状,钉的周围有三道贯穿全长的纵形凹槽,槽深1.5mm,在钉的全长有螺纹状斜形凹槽,深1.5mm,间隔10mm。远端设计有冠状方向的2枚锁孔,锁孔内有内螺纹。打拔器于近端安装。尾端设计有莫式椎度,与人工表面关节的莫式锥孔相配合。结果:8只动物模型存活6只,5只于12周骨接触面均初步愈合,术后功能良好。结论:该髁上型髓内钉减少了对骨原有生物学环境的破坏,可与人工表面关节结合运用于异体骨关节移植重建,有较好的临床应用价值。

Objective: To introduce the initial experience in implantations of allografts with and a femoral supracondylar interlocking intramedullary nail that can be connected with superficial joint. Methods: Since 2001, the authors have performed 8 resections at the distal end of femur of pigs. The resections followed by reconstructions with implantations of allografts and newly designed supracondylar interlocking intramedullary nail. The nail was solid center rod with clover leaf cross-section and can be connected with superficial joint. There were a few of chutes along its surface-Two interlocking hole with female thread were at the end of the nail. Results:The 6 cases were followed up for over 6 months,and results were excellent. Conclusions:This supracondylar interlocking intramedullary nail can reduce destruction of biological environment of bone and is easy in use in limb salvage surgery of the end of femur.