简论“聪明”、“智慧”的形义演变过程

An Analysis on the Development of "Congming" and "Zhihui" InTheir Form and Meaning

“聪”、“明”、“智”、“慧”在上古常作单音词使用,在发展中,“聪”、“明”在“聪明”义项上靠拢成为同义词,经常并举使用,后来合成双音词;“智”、“慧”也因其词义上的相似而趋近并合成双音词。“聪明”、“智慧”作为合成词也有相同的义项却不能互相代替,因为它们在词素义来源、词素性质、词性、词义表达的角度等方面有明显差异。

Cong','ming' and 'zhi','hui' were used as four individual Chinese characters in ancient times. Later on,'cong'and 'ming' are used together as synonyms.It is the same with 'zhi' and 'hui'.As compond words,'Congming' and 'Zhihui' have the similar meanings,yet they can't be used interchangeably. They have obvious differences in their morpheme origin,morpheme nature,parts of speech and semantic representation.