数控磨床几何误差辨识方法的研究与应用

Research and Application of Identification Approach for Geometric Error of CNC Grinding Machine

给出机床关键几何误差和影响因子的定义,基于多体系统理论建立机床综合误差与几何误差的映射关系模型,通过计算和比较影响因子实现对关键几何误差项的识别,提出了机床关键几何误差的辨识方法。以磨齿机床为例,运用上述方法进行研究,最终识别出15项影响机床精度的关键几何误差。该方法可以有效地辨识出对机床综合空间误差有较大影响的几何误差因素。

The definitions of key geometric error and impact factor for NC machine tool were given,and then the mapping relation model of the machine tool geometric error and comprehensive error was built up with the multi-body system theory,and a new method of identifying the key geometric error was proposed with calculating and comparing the impact factor. Taking grinding machine as an example,we identified 15 key geometric errors which affected the accuracy of the machine tool finally with the method proposed above. The conclusions show that geometric error factors that have relatively significant influence on comprehensive spatial error of the machine tools can be identified effectively,thus an important theoretical basis is provided for improving precision of machine tools reasonably and economically.