有限元原理性教学的重要性及教学方法探讨

Importance of teaching principle of finite element method and discuss of teaching methods

高水平大学在有限元教学中理应培养能够熟知并应用有限元的高层次专业人才,而为了实现这一目标,就必须注重有限元原理性教学。文中首先列举了不注重有限元原理性教学的弊端,包括不会选单元、不能合理地确定单元的数量及不能从后处理模块中提取有价值的信息等。接着,给出了有限元原理性教学应重点应讲授内容,包括弹性力学基本知识、单元分析、单元的组集、载荷移置、边界条件的引入和求解及后处理等。最后,讨论了可考虑采用的教学方法,主要有实例性教学、基于问题的教学模式和课堂研讨式教学等。实践表明,所提的教学内容及方法会使学生深入理解有限元的求解过程并能加以运用。

In the teaching of finite element method(FEM),the high-level university should cultivate the high-level professionals who can understand and apply the FEM. To achieve this goal,teaching principle of FEM should be paid more attention.Firstly,the disadvantages of not paying attention to the principles of finite element teaching are listed in this study,which include element cannot be chosen reasonably,the number of elements cannot be determined scientifically,and valuable information cannot be extracted from the post-processing module,etc.. Then,some teaching contents of principle of FEM are suggested and they are basic knowledge of elastic mechanics,element analysis,element assembling,load displacement,introduction and solution of boundary conditions,post-processing and so on. Finally,several teaching methods,such as example teaching,problembased teaching and classroom discussion teaching,are discussed for the teaching principle of FEM. The practice shows the proposed teaching contents and methods will make students deeply understand the finite element solution process and apply it.