折板截面特征对结构刚度的影响

Effect of cross-section characteristics of folded plate on structural stiffness

折板是机械产品常用的一种结构形式,其目的是为了加强板结构的刚度特性,以降低结构面的振动响应及抑制结构的辐射噪声。然而,对于折板的截面形状对板结构刚度特征的影响规律,却缺乏深入地研究。利用有限元方法,分析研究了平板、加肋板、矩形折板、梯形折板、三角形折板、正弦波形折板6种常见板结构的刚度特征,并通过模态试验进行了对比验证。研究表明:相对于平板,其他5种截面形状的板结构刚度均有提高,相同材质、相同总体结构参数、相同板厚条件下,梯形截面对折板结构刚度的影响最为显著,梯形折板具有最大的动态刚度,矩形折板与梯形折板具有类似的振动特性,三角形折板与正弦波形折板具有类似的振动特性。相关研究结果,对广泛采用板式结构形式的机械产品的结构设计具有一定的参考价值。

Folded plate,commonly used for mechanical products,aims to strengthen the plate stiffness,reduce the vibration response on the surface,and inhibit radiation noise.However,there is no in-depth study on the effect of cross-section characteristics of folded plate on structural stiffness.In this paper,by means of the finite element method,the stiffness characteristics of six commonly-used plates,such as flat plate,ribbed plate,rectangular folded plate,trapezoidal folded plate,triangular folded plate and sinusoidal folded plate,are analyzed and verified based on a series of modal experiments.The results show that the structural stiffness of the other five cross-section plates is larger than that of the flat plate.With the same materials,the same overall structural parameters and the same plate thickness,the trapezoidal cross section exerts the most significant influence on structural stiffness.The trapezoidal folded plate has the largest dynamic stiffness;the rectangular and trapezoidal folded plates have similar vibration characteristics;the triangular and sinusoidal folded plates have similar vibration characteristics.The results provide reference for the structural design of mechanical products featuring folded plates.