基于知情构造理论的产品设计材料选择研究

Research on material selection of product design based on informed tectonics theory

为改善产品设计中传统选材方法忽略用户感受、过于依赖设计者主观经验的现象,引入知情构造理论(Informed Tectonics Theory,ITT),构建了知情构造材料选择模型。在选材过程中,基于用户需求,综合考虑产品设计选材原则,应用规则推理(Rule Based Reasoning,RBR)实现用户需求到材料属性需求的转换,构建了用户材料需求层级模型。应用一步质量屋法和竞争性评估的熵分析法计算材料属性的主、客观权重;计算材料属性综合权重并结合模糊综合评价法计算备选材料的综合得分,依据得分确定产品设计的最优材料解。通过对自行车车架的选材设计研究,验证了该模型的可行性。

In order to improve the phenomenon of ignoring user experience and relying on designer’s subjective experience too much in traditional material selection methods during product design process,the Informed Tectonics Theory was introduced to construct Informed Tectonics Material Selection Model.In the process of material selection,material selection principles were considered based on user requirement in product design.Rule Based Reasoning(RBR)was applied to implement conversion from user requirement to material property requirement.Hierarchy model of user material requirement was constructed.One-step quality function deployment and competitive evaluation entropy analysis were used to calculate subjective and objective weight of material properties.The comprehensive weight of material properties was calculated.The composite score of alternative material properties was calculated with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to determine the optimal material solution of product design.The feasibility of this model was verified through the research on the material selection of bicycle frame.