刮齿刀切削机理及参数优化研究

Study on the gear cutter’s cutting mechanism and optimization of parameters

齿轮对于制造业的重要性不言而喻,而刮齿与传统的齿轮加工方法相比具有更高的效率及更广阔的应用前景。现存的根据插齿刀设计理论衍生出的刮齿刀在理论刀刃误差方面存在严重不足。在加工中由于刀具工作角度的变化容易与工件发生干涉现象,降低加工精度与加工质量。首先,根据刮齿刀已有的相关学术成果,对刮齿过程中齿面形成过程进行分析,建立了刮齿刀运动学模型和误差模型。其次,在刀具包络齿轮理论的基础上,对刀具刃口位置和定位误差对齿轮齿廓偏差的影响进行定量分析。结果表明,加工精度存在偏差受刀具参数和加工参数的影响。通过对理论加工误差的分析,进行正交试验选择参数的最优组合,并且用选定的参数进行加工试验。结果表明,所提出的优化方法能够有效提高加工精度与加工质量。

As is known to all,gear is very important to the manufacturing industry,and gear cutter,compared with the traditional method of gear processing,boasts its higher efficiency and wider application.The existing gear cutter derived from the gear-shaping theory is by no means sufficient in terms of blade error,since the cutter feet,with their variable working angles,are easy to interfere with the workpieces,which will do harm to the machining accuracy and quality.In this article,firstly,thanks to the related academic achievements on the gear cutter,the formation of the gear surface in the cutting process of is analyzed,and the gear cutter’s kinematic model and error model are worked out.Secondly,based on the theory of tool-enveloping gear,the effect of the tool-edge location and the positioning error on the gear profile deviation is quantitatively analyzed.The results show that the machining accuracy is affected by tool parameters and machining parameters.By means of the analysis on the theoretical processing errors,the orthogonal experiment is carried out to identify the optimal combination of parameters,and the selected parameters are adopted for the processing experiment.It’s proved that the proposed method of optimization can ensure a high standard of machining in terms of accuracy and quality.