碟形湖在鄱阳湖湿地生态系统的作用和意义

The function and significance of the Shallow-Lakes in the Poyang Lake wetland ecosystem

"碟形湖"是指鄱阳湖湖盆区内枯水季节显露于洲滩之中的季节性子湖泊,具有特殊的地貌特征和水文特性、复杂多变的湿地景观和丰富的生物多样性等特征.在碟形湖及其周边,湿生与水生植物群落有序分布、季节性演替;静水水域有利于底栖动物和鱼类生长育肥;缓慢下降的水位、逐渐伸展的泥滩为越冬候鸟持续提供丰富的食物和歇息环境,全湖80%以上的水鸟在碟形湖区域越冬.高低不一、分布广泛的碟形湖群有效地缓解了干旱、洪水灾害对鄱阳湖湿地生态系统的冲击,对于维护全球生态系统的完整性和生物多样性具有重要作用.最后提出了加强碟形湖保护和管理的对策.

Shallow-Lake refers to the larger dished depression seasonally appeared in the bottomland of Poyang Lake during the dry season that appears the special characteristics of the topography and hydrologic processes. Under the combined effect of natural and human activities, 102 Dish-Lakes were formed in the estuarine delta formed in Poyang Lake. Based on the study, the lowest elevation of Shallow-Lake is more than 10 m. In the wet period, Shallow-Lake integrated with the main body of Poyang Lake as a whole, and in dry period, it becomes relatively independent shallow waters. In the Shallow-Lake, land and water alternating frequently, vegetation fluctuate significantly and biodiversity is very rich. The Shallow-Lake provides feeding and living place for about 80% of the Poyang Lake winter waterfowl, it's especially suitable for Siberian crane and other rare birds foraging and rest.As part of the international importance wetland, Shallow-Lakes are important for the maintenance of integrity and biodiversity of Poyang Lake wetland ecosystem. Finally, the suggestion on protecting the Shallow-Lake ecosystem is proposed.