基于心理声学参数的新型卧铺动车组包间噪声分析

Interior Noise Analysis in the Compartment of a New Type Sleeping EMU Based on Psychoacoustic Parameters

在实际运营的线路上测试一种新型卧铺动车组250 km/h匀速运行时的包间噪声。基于心理声学参数,包括响度、尖锐度、抖动强度和粗糙度,详细分析新型卧铺动车组不同'坐卧型式'下的包间声品质特性,并使用球形声阵列对包间噪声进行基于心理声学参数的声源识别。研究结果表明:上、下铺平躺时的噪声主要差别在于响度和抖动强度,尖锐度和粗糙度的水平基本一致。对于右耳,上、下铺平躺时的心理声学参数差异规律和左耳相似,但是差异的百分比明显高于左耳。下铺平躺和坐立时,左、右耳规律不同,左耳心理声学参数相差最大的是响度,右耳相差最大的则是尖锐度。响度的声源位置主要位于车窗区域,其次为顶板区域;尖锐度的声源位置主要位于地板区域。相关研究结果可为新型卧铺动车组包间声学环境的优化提供科学依据和参考。

Interior noise in the compartment of a new type sleeping EMU is measured on an operating line. Based on the psychoacoustic parameters including loudness, sharpness, fluctuation strength and roughness, sound quality characteristics of different types of sitting and lying in the compartment are analysed. The interior noise sources based on psychoacoustic parameters are identified. The results show that, the main differences between lying on the upper and lower berth are loudness and fluctuation strength, and there are a few difference in sharpness and roughness. The sound quality distribution characteristics of lying on the upper and lower berth are similar between the left ear and the right ear. However, the differences between lying on the upper and lower berth of the right ear are bigger than that of the left ear. When sitting and lying on the lower berth, the sound quality distribution characteristics of different ears are quite different. There is dominant difference in loudness of the left ear, while there is a big difference in sharpness of the right ear. The loudness source is mainly located on the window and roof. The sharpness source is mainly located on the floor. This work provides a theoretical base for the optimization of interior noise in the compartment of sleeping EMUs.