跨座式单轨列车走行轮胎磨损控制方法研究

Study on Reducing Wear of Straddle-type Monorail Trains’ Running Wheel Tires

为控制曲线工况下跨座式单轨列车走行轮胎的磨损,通过胎面橡胶摩擦特性试验提出修正的衰减指数摩擦模型,并采用有限元分析方法研究走行轮双胎的磨损特性,提出采用虚拟外倾方法控制走行轮胎磨损,采用构建曲面走行踏面的方法对虚拟外倾方法进行优化,研究表明:虚拟外倾方法使内、外走行轮胎总的摩擦功降低3.4%,但外侧走行轮胎的摩擦功偏度值增加了25%;相对于虚拟外倾方法,曲面走行踏面方法使走行轮胎总的摩擦功降低了12.9 J,外侧走行轮胎的摩擦功偏度值降低了5.17%,内侧走行轮胎的摩擦功偏度值降低了8.87%,有效降低了走行轮胎的磨损并改善了其磨损均匀分布程度。

In order to relive the wear phenomenon of straddle-type monorail trains’ running wheel tires under curve negotiating, the impact of slip velocity and contact pressure on friction coefficient between tire tread rubber and road is studied through friction tests, and a modified exponential decay friction model is thus put forward and applied in following FE simulations. After that, a 3 D finite element model of two 345/85 R16 running wheel tires is developed for wear prediction, and the friction work and its skewness are chosen as evaluation indexes of tire wear amount and its distribution. Then, the virtual camber method is put forward to control tires’ wear and optimized by the curved running surface method. It shows that with the increase of slip angle, the friction work and its skewness of tires rise up rapidly. Besides, when using the virtual camber method, the total friction work of two tires reduces by 3.4% and the friction work skewness of inside tire falls by 19.5%, but that of outside tire goes up by 25%. Compared with the virtual camber method, the total friction work of optimal curved running surface method decreases by 12.9 J and the friction work skewness of the inside and outside tires drop by 5.54% and 8.87% respectively. Thus, curved running surface method is capable of controlling the wear of running wheel tires effectively.