基于路况识别的高速动车组构架损伤规律

Damage Law of High-speed EMU Frame Based on Working Condition Recognition

目前我国自主研发的复兴号动车组,在京沪高铁最高运营速度已达到了350 km/h,随着速度的不断提高,对动车组构架的疲劳问题研究显得愈发重要。在对构架关键点进行动应力测试的过程中可以看到,动车组通过曲线、道岔等特定线路工况,相较直线线路,测点应力水平均有不同程度的变化。在对某型动车组构架关键点进行数月的线路实测基础上,依据MEMS陀螺仪、GPS以及部分线路参数,提取到上述不同工况下测点充分的应力数据,进行统计分析和计算。研究发现大部分测点在通过曲线时应力水平有一定上升,而在通过道岔时的应力水平有大幅度提高;对比不同位置的测点,构架外部横侧梁连接处等位置相对于中心附近,对特殊工况的响应更加敏感。上述结论对分工况载荷谱的研究提供试验基础,同时也为结合构架损伤规律的线路设计给出参考建议。

At present, the maximum operating speed of China’s independent development renaissance EMU has reached 350 km/h in Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, with the speed increase, EMU frame fatigue research is increasingly important. Through the dynamic stress test of the bogie frame of the EMU, it is found that stress level of the key points under curve condition and turnout condition, compared with the straight-line condition, have their own characteristics. Based on MEMS gyroscope, GPS and rail line parameters, after several months of testing a certain type of EMU frame, the stress data of the measuring points under different working conditions are extracted, statistically analyzed and calculated. The results show that most of the measuring points have a certain increase in stress level when passing through the curve, and the stress level is greatly increased at the time of passing through a turnout. While comparing the stress data at different locations, it can be found that the response to specific conditions, such as curve condition and turnout condition, measuring points at the joint between cross-beam and side-beam of the frame are more sensitive than the measuring points near the center of the frame. The above conclusions provide experimental basis for the research on load spectrum of different working condition and also give some suggestions for the line design of combined with frame damage.