基于试验台的转向架二系悬挂刚度测定试验

Test of Bogie’s Secondary Suspension Stiffness Based on the Bogie Test Bench

为实现转向架二系悬挂静动刚度的测试,提出针对整备状态转向架二系悬挂三向动、静态刚度进行单独测定试验方法,建立二系空簧动、静刚度测试模型,根据模型分析二系空簧动、静刚度与所受载荷和形变的关系。利用转向架参数试验台对某型号地铁拖车转向架二系悬挂的动、静刚度进行测定试验,计算出系统的测试重复性误差为0.58%,测试重复性较好。根据试验数据得到横向止挡特性曲线与橡胶材料特性相符合,1#二系空簧纵向静态刚度试验值与设计值误差达到18.1%,并且1#二系空簧纵向动态刚度在5 Hz左右有一个快速增加的波峰。基于试验结果,推测是由于1#空簧质量或者装配尺寸不符合要求造成了1#二系空簧纵向刚度的异常变化,应对1#二系空簧的装配关系进行调校,可根据测试结果对转向架二系悬挂参数及装配关系进行优化。

For the realization of static and dynamic stiffness of bogie secondary suspension test, a separated test method of secondary suspension bogies three dimensional dynamic and static stiffness is proposed, and the dynamic and static stiffness test model of secondary air spring is established, According to this model, the relationship between the dynamic and static stiffness and the load and the deformation is analyzed. Besides, using bogie parameters test bench, the secondary suspension’s dynamic and static stiffness of a certain metro trailer bogie is tested, The system’s repeatability error is 0.58%, and the test repeatability is good. According to test data, the lateral stopping block’s characteristic curve is consistent with the rubber material characteristics. The error between test value of 1# secondary air spring longitudinal static stiffness and its design value is 18.1%, and the dynamic stiffness of 1# secondary air spring has a rapid increase in wave crest at about 5 Hz. Based on the above test results, it is inferred that the abnormal change of 1# secondary air spring longitudinal stiffness is due to the 1# air spring’s quality or assembly dimensions without meeting the requirements, so 1# secondary air spring’s assembly relationships should be adjusted, The bogie secondary suspension’s parameters and assembly relationships should be optimized according to test results.