高速列车转向架区域气动特性及流场规律研究

Research on Aerodynamic Performance and Flow Field of High Speed Train Bogie Region

为研究高速列车转向架区域的气动性能及流场规律,建立列车空气动力学模型,基于SST k-?两方程模型对运行速度分别为250 km/h、300 km/h和350 km/h的高速列车气动性能进行了数值模拟,分析动车及拖车转向架各部件对列车气动性能的影响。计算结果表明:列车运行速度对转向架阻力的影响是显著的,其中对头车转向架影响最大;头车转向架的阻力占总转向架阻力的54.9%,其中构架和轮对分别占35.6%和46.5%,部分部件由于前后压差形成负阻力;拖车转向架的流场结构比动车转向架更加复杂,闸片等部件对转向架区域的流场结构有显著影响;转向架区域外形和设备舱隔墙倾角也会影响其流场结构,斜角入口比直角入口的流场结构更加复杂。

In order to investigate the influences of aerodynamic performance and flow field on the high speed train bogie region, the author analyzed the effect of motor and trailer bogie on aerodynamic performance of train by establishing the train aerodynamic mode and carrying out the numerical simulation of the aerodynamic performance of high-speed train at the velocity of 250 km/h, 300 km/h and 350 km/h based on SST k-? two equation model. The results show that the influence of train velocity on bogie drag is significant, especially the first car bogie. The drag of the first car bogie accounts for 54.9% of the total bogie drag, the frame and wheel are 31.9% and 46.5% respectively. Due to the pressure differences, the drag of some parts is negative. The trailer bogie has a more complex flow field structure than the motor bogie, and brake components have significant influence on the flow structure of the bogie area. The shape of the bottom of train will also affect the flow field structure; the flow field structure of inclined entrance is more complex than the vertical entrance.