基于有机朗肯循环的太阳能驱动冷热电联供系统设计方法及性能分析

Design Method and Performance Analysis of CCHP Driven by Solar Energy and Based on Organic Rankine Cycle

经济发展与环境污染解耦发展的新模式,促使利用太阳能等可再生能源的冷热电联供系统(Combined cooling heating and powersystem,CCHP系统)研究成为热点。针对一种太阳能光热驱动的串联式CCHP系统展开研究,系统由槽式集热器(Parabolic trough collector,PTC)、集热环路、储热罐、补燃锅炉、有机朗肯发电循环(Organic rankine cycle, ORC)和溴化锂吸收式制冷循环组成,夏季供冷,冬季供暖,全年供电。提出一套针对系统PTC面积、储热罐和补燃锅炉容量的工程设计方法,可分别采用能量利用效率、年值费用和效率与费用的耦合式作为系统的设计指标。基于该方法,针对一个实际建筑,以耦合指标为例,确定出系统关键部件容量,并应用上述三种不同指标,对设计辐射、太阳能保证率和储能比例的敏感程度进行分析。结果表明,为了在设计阶段使三种评价指标达到最优,随着设计辐射量的增加,选取的太阳能保证率也应增加。

Under the new decoupling development pattern of economic development and environmental pollution,combined cooling,heating and power system(CCHP)using renewable energy sources such as solar energy has become a hot spot.Integrated with solar energy,a CCHP system which can meet cooling load in summer,provide heat in winter and supply electricity throughout the year is investigated.The system contains a parabolic trough collector(PTC)circuit,a heat storage tank,an auxiliary boiler,an organic Rankine cycle(ORC)and an absorption cooling system.A design method to determine the PTC area of the system,the capacity of the storage tank and the backup boiler is proposed,which can choose system energy efficiency,annual total cost or the coupling between efficiency and cost as evaluation criteria.Based on this method combined with a building simulation load,the capacity of the key components is determined using the evaluation criteria of coupling between efficiency and cost as an example.The sensitivity of design radiation,solar energy assurance rate and storage ratio were analyzed by using the above three evaluation criteria.The result shows that,in order to optimize the three evaluation criteria,the solar energy assurance rate should increase as the design radiation increases.